农业生产托管可否助力农民共同富裕？——基于家庭收入和幸福感的研究视角

Can Agricultural Production Trusteeship Help Farmers'' Common Prosperity? Based on the Research View of Family Income and Happiness

摘要:

文章基于2020年中国乡村振兴综合调查(CRRS)数据,从家庭收入和幸福感两个层面,考察农业生产托管对农民共同富裕的影响、作用机制及异质性差异。研究发现,农业生产托管对农民共同富裕的实现产生了积极作用,在处理了其内生性问题后研究结论依然稳定。异质性分析表明,农业生产托管对高收入组农户的共同富裕促进效应要强于低收入组；对高人力资本组农户的共同富裕具有显著促进作用,而对低人力资本组的作用并不显著；对小农户家庭的共同富裕产生了显著正向影响,而对规模户的影响并不显著,发挥着促进“共享”的分配效应。作用机制检验发现,农业生产托管主要通过提升农作物产量、降低种植生产成本、扩大耕地经营规模及促进非农就业转移来提升农户的收入水平,并凭借提高农民对未来收入的预期和选择与行动的自由来提升家庭幸福感,收入及幸福感的双重提升促进了农民共同富裕的实现。研究结论对于助力农业生产托管政策顺利实施、促进农民共同富裕水平的持续提升具有重要的理论和现实意义,也为农业生产托管与农民共同富裕关系的研究提供了新证据。

Abstract:

Based on the data of China"s Rural Revitalization Survey (CRRS) in 2020, this paper examines the impact, mechanism and heterogeneity of agricultural production trusteeship on farmers" common prosperity from the perspectives of household income and happiness. It is found that agricultural production trusteeship has a positive effect on the realization of common prosperity of farmers, and the results are still robust considering the endogenous problem. Heterogeneity analysis showed that the promoting effect of agricultural production trusteeship on the common prosperity of farmers in the high-income group was stronger than that in the low-income group. It has a significant promoting effect on the common prosperity of farmers in the high human capital group, but has no significant effect on the low human capital group. It has a significant positive impact on the common prosperity of small households, but has no significant impact on large-scale households, and plays a distributive effect to promote "sharing". According to the mechanism test, the production trusteeship can improve the income level of farmers mainly by improving crop yield, reducing agricultural production cost, expanding the scale of arable land operation and promoting non-agricultural employment transfer, and improve the family happiness by improving farmers" expectation of future income and their freedom of choice and action. The double increase of income and happiness promotes the realization of common prosperity of farmers. The conclusion of this study has important theoretical and practical significance for the smooth implementation of the trusteeship policy of agricultural production and the continuous improvement of the common prosperity of farmers. It also provides new evidence for the research on the relationship between the trusteeship of agricultural production and the common prosperity of farmers.