碳排放权交易政策的减排效应及影响机制研究——基于数字经济与地方政府关注双重视角

Research on the Emission Reduction Effect and Impact Mechanism of Carbon Emission Trading Policy——Based on the Dual Perspectives of Digital Economy and Local Government Attention

摘要:

碳排放权交易政策是应对气候变暖以及实现低碳发展的重大政策创新工具。文章使用2000—2019年省级面板数据，以碳排放权交易试点运行构造准自然实验，采用合成控制双重差分法评估政策效应，从数字经济、地方政府关注双重视角考察该政策发挥减排效应的作用机制，并进一步评估降碳减排的空间溢出效应。研究发现：政策的实施显著推动了区域碳减排，且数字经济的发展及地方政府关注的增强，均能促进政策的降碳减排效应；数字经济与地方政府关注分别正向调节另一方的碳减排效应；空间视角上，数字经济发展状况的提升，在一定程度上会削弱该政策对邻地的减排效应。因此，应完善政府主导环境规制治理体系，同时推进数字经济持续良性发展，加强地方政府关注，实现区域碳减排增质升级。文章对碳排放权交易政策的减排效应评估理论分析进行了有益的补充，对政策的推广提供了有利的依据。

Abstract:

Carbon emissions trading policy is a major policy innovation tool to cope with climate warming as well as to realize low-carbon development. Using provincial panel data from 2000-2019, the article constructs a quasi-natural experiment with the operation of carbon emissions trading pilot policy, and adopts the synthetic difference in differences method to assess the policy effect. The article explores the mechanism of the policy's emission reduction effect from the dual perspectives of digital economy and local government attention, and further assesses the spatial spillover effect of carbon reduction and emission reduction. The study finds that the implementation of the policy significantly promotes regional carbon emission reduction, and the development of the digital economy and the enhancement of the local government attention can promote the carbon reduction and emission reduction effect of the policy. The digital economy and local government attention positively regulate the carbon emission reduction effect of the other side. In the spatial perspective, the enhancement of the development status of the digital economy will, to a certain extent, weaken the abatement effect of the policy on neighboring places. Therefore, the government-led environmental regulation and governance system should be improved, while promoting the sustained and benign development of the digital economy and strengthening the attention of local governments to realize the quality enhancement and upgrading of regional carbon emission reduction. The article provides a useful supplement to the theoretical analysis of the assessment of the emission reduction effect of the carbon emissions trading policy, which provides a favorable basis for the promotion of the policy.