乡村双创、新质要素集聚与县域经济高质量发展

Rural Innovation and Entrepreneurship, New Factor Agglomeration, and High-Quality Development of County Economy

摘要:

鼓励乡村创新创业发展，充分激发乡村双创活力，将为推动县域经济高质量发展提供充足内生动能。立足加快发展新质生产力的时代要求，瞄准县域经济高质量发展现实困境。从新质要素集聚视角出发，基于熊彼得的企业家理论和罗默的内生增长理论将乡村创新与乡村创业视为有机融合的整体，构建“乡村双创—新质要素集聚—县域经济高质量发展”理论框架，并利用中国2014—2021年1569个县域平衡面板数据予以检验。结果表明：基准回归结果证实乡村双创对于县域经济高质量发展具有显著的推动作用；机理检验发现乡村双创主要通过吸引高质量劳动力要素集聚、数字化要素集聚、智能化要素集聚推动县域经济高质量发展；新型基础设施建设和金融服务水平能够发挥正向调节作用；异质性讨论发现在中西部地区、国家创新型县以及政府支持力度较大的区域，这一效应更为显著。因此，要继续加大支持乡村双创高质量发展，坚持以引育高质量劳动力、提高数字化水平、智能化水平为着力点；加快新基建与金融服务、推进“数实融合”等外部环境，为实现高质量发展夯实根基。

Abstract:

Encouraging rural innovation and entrepreneurship development and fully stimulating the vitality of rural innovation and entrepreneurship will provide sufficient internal driving force for promoting high-quality development of the county economy. Based on the requirements of accelerating the development of new qualitative productivity in the era, aiming at the realistic dilemma of high-quality development of the county economy, starting from the perspective of new qualitative factor agglomeration, based on Schumpeter's entrepreneur theory and Romer's endogenous growth theory, rural innovation and entrepreneurship are regarded as an organic integration of the whole, and a theoretical framework of "rural innovation and entrepreneurship-new qualitative factor agglomeration-high-quality development of the county economy" is constructed, and the balanced panel data of 1569 counties in China from 2014 to 2021 are used for testing. The results show that the benchmark regression results confirm that rural innovation and entrepreneurship have a significant role in promoting high-quality development of the county economy; the mechanism test finds that rural innovation and entrepreneurship mainly promote high-quality development of the county economy by attracting high-quality labor factor agglomeration, digital factor agglomeration, and intelligent factor agglomeration; new infrastructure construction and financial service level can play a positive regulatory role; heterogeneity discussion finds that this effect is more significant in the central and western regions, national innovative counties, and regions with strong government support. Therefore, it is necessary to continue to increase support for high-quality development of rural innovation and entrepreneurship, adhere to the focus on attracting and cultivating high-quality labor, improving digitalization level, and intelligence level; accelerate new infrastructure and financial services, promote the integration of "digital and real" and other external environments, and consolidate the foundation for achieving high-quality development.