中国科技领军人才流动的影响要素研究

Research on Influencing Factors of the Academic Talents’ Mobility in China

摘要:

科学识别科技领军人才流动的影响要素，是我国建设世界重要人才中心与创新高地、优化区域人才资源分布格局的基础。基于2004名教育部长江学者特聘教授的微观数据，分析我国科技领军人才流动的影响要素，实证结果表明，较高的经济发展水平对人才流动形成拉力，较高的消费支出对人才流动形成推力；便捷的生活和优质空气对人才流动形成拉力；高排名机构更容易集聚人才，但具有较高创新发展水平的地区和机构，人才的流动性也越强；乡土对人才流动具有拉力作用；在不同职业阶段，职业发展要素与乡土偏好对学者流动的影响表现出相对稳定的趋势，而经济与社会环境要素却呈现出显著差异。通过揭示科技领军人才流动的影响要素以及不同职业阶段各类要素对人才流动影响作用的异同，丰富了科技人才流动领域的相关研究，也为政府基于客观规律科学施策以吸引人才集聚和引导人才有序流动提供了参考。

Abstract:

Scientifically identifying the influencing factors of the talents’ mobility is the foundation for China to build a world-class talent center and innovation highland, as well as to optimize the regional distribution of talent resources. By analyzing the influencing factors of the academic talents’ mobility in China using micro-data of 2004 Changjiang Scholars, the following empirical conclusions can be obtained:A higher level of economic development creates a pull factor, and a higher level of consumption expenditure creates a push factor for the mobility of academic talents. Convenient living and high-quality air create pull factors for the mobility of academic talents. High-ranking institutions are easier to gather talents, but in the areas and institutions with a higher level of innovation development, the academic talents flow more. The academic talents have a strong preference for working in their hometown. At different individual stages, the career development factors and hometown both have a relatively stable influence on the mobility decision, however the economic and social environmental factors are found to have different influences. By revealing the influencing factors of the academic talents’ mobility, and the similarities and differences in the impact of various factors at academic talents’ different career stages, the researches of the academic talents’ mobility have been enriched. Meanwhile, references have been provided for the government to scientifically implement policies to attract academic talents to gather and guide them to flow orderly.