国家高新区如何推动城市群高质量发展 ——来自创新型产业集群政策的经验证据

How National High-tech Zones Promote High-quality Development of Urban Agglomerations? Empirical Evidence from Innovative Industrial Cluster Policy

摘要:

本文基于科技部2011年启动的“ 创新型产业集群建设工程” 设计准自然实验,使用2009—2020 年中国城市面板数据,利用渐进式双重差分模型和空间双重差分模型对国家高新区的“以集群促发展” 政策如何影响城市群高质量发展水平展开实证分析。研究表明,国家高新区出台的创新型产业集群政策对城市群高质量发展产生显著的促进作用,且该结论在经过一系列的稳健性检验后仍然成立。进一步对政策方案区分后的研究表明,创新型产业集群的试点建设政策对城市群高质量发展的激励效应明显强于创新型产业集群的试点培育政策。机制检验结果证实,国家高新区“ 以集群促发展”政策通过中心城市创新效应和“ 中心-外围” 城市技术互补效应双重机制作用于城市群高质量发展。 研究结果为国家高新区制度构建和产业政策体系改革提供理论支持和现实依据。

Abstract:

A quasi-natural experiment was designed based on the Innovative Industrial Cluster Construction Project launched by the Ministry of Science and Technology in 2011, using panel data of Chinese cities from 2009 to 2020 and the progressive difference-in-differences model and the spatial difference-in-differences model, how the policy of “promoting construction by clustering” in national high-tech zones affects the high quality development level of their local urban agglomerations was empirically analyzed. The research shows that the innovative industrial cluster policy launched by the National high-tech zones can significantly promote the high-quality development of urban agglomerations, which is still valid after a series of robustness tests. In addition, the study after the differentiation of policy levels proves that the incentive effect of the pilot construction policy of innovative industrial clusters on the high-quality development of urban agglomerations is significantly stronger than that of the pilot cultivation policy of innovative industrial clusters. The results of the mechanism test confirm that the policy of “promoting construction by clusters” is used for the high-quality development of urban clusters through the innovation effect of central cities and the technology complementary effect of “ center-periphery ” cities. The empirical analysis can provide theoretical and practical basis for the institutional construction of national high-tech zones and the reform of industrial policy system.