人工智能何以赋能企业实现颠覆性创新——基于组态视角的研究

How Artificial Intelligence Empowers Enterprises to Achieve Disruptive Innovation: A Study Based on Configuration Perspective

摘要:

人工智能作为战略性新兴技术,是引领未来社会发展变革的重要力量,能够赋能企业实现颠覆性创新。然而,目前学术界对人工智能赋能企业实现颠覆性创新的关键要素及其作用机理仍缺乏深度解析,对其作用路径也尚存未知。基于扎根理论方法的多案例探索性研究,构建人工智能赋能企业颠覆性创新的理论模型,并应用模糊集定性比较分析法探究人工智能赋能企业颠覆性创新的复杂因果机制。研究发现:①服务生态、合作网络、技术跃迁、场景深耕、组织结构创新是人工智能赋能企业颠覆性创新的 5 个关键要素;②技术跃迁是人工智能赋能企业颠覆性创新的必要条件;③存在“ 技术-服务生态型”、“技术-场景-结构创新型”和“技术-合作网络型”3类4条人工智能赋能企业颠覆性创新实现路径。研究结果为企业结合自身条件选择合适的人工智能赋能路径实现颠覆性创新提供了决策参考。

Abstract:

As a strategic emerging technology, artificial intelligence (AI) plays a significant role in guiding future societal transformation and has an empowering effect to help enterprises realize disruptive innovation. However, there is still a lack of in-depth analysis of the key elements and mechanisms of AI empowering enterprises to realize disruptive innovation in academia. The impact path of AI-empowered disruptive innovation for enterprises remains unknown. The exploratory multi-case study method based on Grounded Theory was applied to construct a theoretical model of AI empowering enterprises to realize disruptive innovation, and the fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis method was employed to explore the complex causal mechanism of AI empowering disruptive innovation in enterprises. The results highlight that five key factors for achieving AI-driven disruptive innovation in enterprises are service ecology, cooperation network, technological transition, context-depth-excavation, and organizational structure innovation. Among the five factors, technological transition is a necessary condition for AI to empower disruptive innovation in enterprises. There are three types and four paths of AI empowering disruptive innovation in enterprises including“technology-service ecology type”, “ technology-scene-structural innovation type” and “technology-cooperation network type”. The results provide decision-making references for enterprises on selecting an AI empowerment path to drive disruptive innovation based on their unique circumstances.