资源约束条件下天生服务型制造企业制造能力构建机制的纵向案例研究

A Longitudinal Case Study of Manufacturing Capability Construction Mechanism in Born Service-oriented Manufacturing Enterprises under Resource Constraints

摘要:

在成立之初即开展服务型制造业务的天生服务型制造企业实践对只关注制造业服务化转型情境下的传统服务型制造理论提出了挑战。在资源约束条件下,天生服务型制造企业如何克服制造能力的先天不足问题是关乎其存亡与发展的关 键。基于战略适配理论和资源依赖理论,通过对典型企业德塔森特公司的纵向单案例分析,讨论了天生服务型制造企业如何构建与战略相匹配的资源和能力进而实现快速成长的过程机制。研究发现:第一,天生服务型制造企业与环境的依赖关系可沿着“双元不对称依赖-双元联合依赖-多元联合依赖”阶段演化,形成与组织战略相适配的制造能力;第二,天生服务型制造企业可通过主动与环境中的其他组织建立依赖关系来克服天生劣势;第三,组织要通过构建内部资源和能力来减少对环境的依赖;第四,组织可通过构建生态系统,提高参与者对组织的依赖及联合依赖,重塑环境使其有利于组织发展。本文创新性地将新创企业成长过程与服务型制造战略相结合,拓宽了服务型制造研究和创业研究的边界,对天生服务型制造企业克服天生劣势具有重要指导价值。

Abstract:

The practice of born service-oriented manufacturing enterprises (BSOMEs) that carry out service-oriented manufacturing business at the beginning of its establishment challenges the traditional service-oriented manufacturing theory which only focuses on the service-oriented transformation of manufacturing industry. Under resource-constrained conditions, how BSOMEs overcome the inherent insufficiency of manufacturing capabilities is a key issue concerning their survival and development. Based on the resource dependence theory, the longitudinal single case of DTCT, a typical enterprise, was analyzed. By discussing the process mechanism through which BSOMEs can build resources and capabilities that are in line with their strategies in order to achieve rapid growth, the following findings were obtained. The dependence relationship between BSOMEs and the environment can evolve along the stage of “dual asymmetric dependence-dual joint dependence-multiple joint dependence”, and form manufacturing capabilities that are compatible with organizational strategies. BSOMEs can overcome their natural disadvantages by proactively building dependencies with other organizations in the environment. The organization should reduce its dependence on the environment by building internal resources and capabilities. The organization can reshape the environment conducive to the organization by building an ecosystem that increases the participants’ dependence on the organization and the joint dependence of both parties. It innovatively combines the growth process of new enterprises with the strategy of service-oriented manufacturing, contributes to the literature of service oriented manufacturing and entrepreneurship, and has important guiding value for BSOMEs to overcome their inherent disadvantages.