单项冠军企业高质量发展的路径 ——基于TOE框架的定性比较分析

The Driving Path of High-quality Development of Individual Champion Enterprise: Qualitative Comparative Analysis Based on TOE Framework

摘要:

单项冠军企业在其所属的细分行业中处于国际领先地位,是我国制造业高质量发展的排头兵。尽管已取得诸多成就,但单项冠军企业仍存在核心技术受制于人、数字化水平低、国际市场开拓不足等问题。关于单项冠军企业如何实现高质量发展,目前尚缺乏深入研究。本文基于 TOE 框架构建分析框架,探究技术创新程度(探索式创新与利用式创新)、数字化程度、专业化程度、国际化程度和政府补贴 5 个前因条件如何协同促进单项冠军企业高质量发展。 研究发现:任一因素无法单独构成单项冠军企业高质量发展的必要条件,但高数字化程度是关键驱动因素;以构型呈现的“数字化与专业化助力下的双元创新主导型”“政府引导数字化赋能探索式创新主导型”“利用式创新助力下的数字化与国际化主导型”和“政府补贴助力下的数字化与国际化主导型”是单项冠军企业高质量发展的 4 条等效路径;单项冠军企业非高质量发展呈现“低数字化程度-高专业化程度-低国际化程度”的典型特征。本文通过列举典型案例,将理论与实践相结合,为我国单项冠军企业高质量发展提供了路径指引与经验借鉴。

Abstract:

Individual champion enterprises represent the highest level of global manufacturing sub-sectors and are the pioneers of high-quality development of China’s manufacturing industry. Although many achievements have been made, individual champion enterprises still have some problems, such as core technology being restricted by others, low digital level, and insufficient market development. There is a lack of in-depth research on how individual champion enterprises achieve high-quality development. An analytical framework was constructed based on the technology-organization-environment (TOE) theoretical framework to explore how the five antecedent conditions of the degree of technological innovation ( exploratory innovation and exploitative innovation), the degree of digitalization, the degree of specialization, the degree of internationalization and the government subsidies promote the high-quality development of individual champion enterprises. It is found that no single factor can constitute necessary condition for the high-quality development of individual champion enterprises, but a high degree of digitalization is an important driving factor. The “ digitalization and specialization to help dual innovation type” “ government-led digital empowerment to help exploratory innovation type ” “ digitalization and internationalization helped by utilitarian innovation type ” and “digitalization and internationalization helped by government subsidies type” are four equivalent paths for the high-quality development of individual champion enterprises. The non-high-quality development of individual champion enterprises shows the typical of “ low degree of digitalization-high degree of specialization-low degree of internationalization”. It combines theory with practice by listing typical cases, and provides path guidance and experience for the high-quality development of China’s champion enterprises.