大数据综合试验区建设能否促进数实融合——基于中国227个城市的实证分析

Could Big Data Comprehensive Pilot Zones Promote the Integration of Digital Economy and Real Economy? Empirical Analysis Based on 227 Cities in China

摘要:

在全球数字化转型背景下,数实融合是推动经济高质量发展的关键。大数据综合试验区建设作为重要的大数据政策实践,对数实融合的影响尚未得到足够重视。基于中国 2011—2021年城市面板数据,运用熵权Topsis法和耦合协调度模型测度中国227个城市的数实融合水平,并运用多期双重差分模型和中介效应模型验证大数据综合试验区对数实融合的促进作用及其作用机制,并开展多种稳健性分析,检验不同城市规模、地理位置和设立批次中的差异化结果。结果表明:大数据综合试验区建设能够促进数实融合水平提升,其促进效果随时间推移逐渐增强,且在中等以上规模城市、沿海城市和第二批设立试验区的地区更明显,其影响机理包括促进技术创新、提升创业活跃度、推动产业结构升级。本文关注大数据综合试验区在数实融合领域的政策效果,并进一步揭示大数据综合试验区作用于数实融合的影响机理,为探讨相关大数据政策效果、数实融合影响因素提供了来自中国城市的实证证据,一定程度上缓解了当前研究中存在的对地级行政区数实融合关注不足的问题,同时为理解大数据政策如何促进数实融合提供了新的理论视角。

Abstract:

Under the global digital transformation, the integration of digital economy and real economy(IDR)is the key to promoting high-quality economic development. The establishment of the big data comprehensive pilot zones, as a major policy initiative in the big data field, has not been adequately examined for its impact on the IDR. Panel data from Chinese cities between 2011 and 2021 were utilized. The entropy-weighted TOPSIS method and a coupling coordination model were employed to measure the level of IDR across 227 cities. A staggered difference-in- differences model and a mediation effect model were applied to verify the promoting effect of the pilot zones on the IDR and to analyze its underlying mechanisms. Multiple robustness tests were conducted, with differential effects examined across city sizes, geographic locations, and establishment batches. The findings show that the construction of big data comprehensive pilot zones enhances the IDR, with effects strengthening over time. The promotion is more pronounced in medium-sized and larger cities, coastal cities, and among the second batch of the big data comprehensive pilot zones. The mechanisms involve the stimulation of technological innovation, increased entrepreneurial activity, and advancement of industrial structure upgrading. The policy effectiveness of the big data comprehensive pilot zones in fostering the IDR is highlighted, and the mechanisms which they operate are clarified. Empirical evidence from Chinese cities is provided, contributing to the understanding of big data policy impacts and factors influencing the IDR, to some extent alleviates the problem of insufficient attention to the IDR of the prefecture-level administrative regions in existing research and offers a new theoretical perspective on how big data policies can promote the IDR.