交通和信息基础设施、创新驱动与区域协调发展 ——基于异质性视角

Transportation and Information Infrastructure, Innovation Driver and Regional Coordinated Development: Based on Heterogeneous Perspective

摘要:

基础设施建设是否可以优化资源配置,重塑创新要素空间格局,对推动区域协调发展尤为重要。以高铁开通和“ 宽带中国” 示范城市建设分别作为交通和信息基础设施建设的准自然实验,利用2004—2020年中国284个城市数据考察异质性基础设施建设的创新效应。研究发现:高铁开通可以有效发挥人力资本效应和资金支持效应进而促进中西部和北方城市创新发展,有助于推动区域协调发展;“宽带中国” 示范城市建设主要促进东部和南方城市创新水平提升,造成区域不平衡发展。进一步讨论表明,交通和信息基础设施建设对城市创新的促进作用存在叠加效应,且“宽带中国” 示范城市建设可以借“ 高铁”之力,有效发挥人力资本效应和资金支持效应,进而加速推动东部和南方城市创新发展,进一步扩大区域发展的不平衡。研 究结论有助于理解交通和信息基础设施建设的复杂创新效应,对基础设施空间布局、优化创新空间格局和区域协调发展具有重要意义。

Abstract:

It is particularly important for promoting coordinated regional development whether infrastructure construction can optimise resource allocation and reshape the spatial distribution of innovation factors. Using the opening of high-speed rail and the “Broadband China” demonstration city as quasi-natural experiments for transport and information infrastructure construction respectively, the impact of infrastructure construction on city innovation from a heterogeneous infrastructure perspective by the data of 284 cities in China from 2004 to 2020 was explored. The results are as follows. The opening of high-speed rail can effectively exert the effect of human capital and financial support to promote urban innovation, and this promotion is more significant in the central and western cities and northern cities, which is conducive to promoting regional coordinated evelopment. The demonstration city of “Broadband China” has an important role to promote the innovation level of eastern and southern cities, and promotes the unbalanced development of regions. Further analysis shows that there is a superimposed effect on the promotion of urban innovation by transportation and information infrastructure construction. The demonstration city of“Broadband China” can effectively exert the effect of human capital and financial support by the power of “high-speed rail”, thus accelerating the innovation development of cities in the east and south, and further expanding the regional unbalanced development. The research findings contribute to understanding the complex innovation effects of transport and information infrastructure construction, and have important implications for the spatial layout of infrastructure, the optimization of innovation spatial pattern and the region coordinated development.