数字邻近度对工业企业创新韧性的赋能效应研究

Empowering Effect Research of Digital Proximity on the Innovation Resilience of Industrial Enterprises in China

摘要:

提升工业企业创新韧性是高质量发展阶段中国增强创新可持续发展能力的重要课题。以2013—2023年中国A股上市工业企业为样本,基于多维邻近性理论与产品空间理论构建企业数字邻近度指标,采用面板回归模型探究数字邻近度对创新韧性的影响机理与中介效应。研究发现:①数字邻近度对工业企业创新韧性的影响表现为“先下降后上升”的U型曲线,且该曲线拐点位置的数字邻近度水平为0. 551,研究结论具有优良的稳健性。②数字邻近度的赋能效应具有明显的异质性。其中,东部与中部企业表现为显著的 U 型关系,西部企业则表现微弱;国有与非国有企业均表现为 U 型曲线,且国有企业的拐点位置略高于非国有企业;大型企业的拐点位置略低于中小型企业;高融资约束型企业拐点略低于低融资约束型。 企业内部控制质量的调节作用不容忽视。③中介机制表明,企业动态能力的四条中介路径中,信息开放共享和市场需求扩展表现为正向中介机制,生产效能提升与知识溢出表现为负向的中介机制。因此,重视工业企业数字化进程中的数字邻近机制完善,以及数字邻近度通过动态能力提升的正向赋能路径,为增强中国工业企业的技术创新韧性能力提供新动能。研究从理论与实证两个维度,深入探析数字邻近度对工业企业创新韧性的影响机制、调节路径和异质性特征,为政府提升工业企业创新韧性、加速数字化引导政策设计提供参考。

Abstract:

Simulating the innovation resilience of industrial enterprises is an important direction for China to strengthen its innovation system's sustainable capacity. With A-share listed industrial enterprises as research sample from 2013 to 2023, digital proximity degree was constructed based on multidimensional proximity theory and product space theory firstly, and then panel data econometric model was utilized to explore the influential mechanism and mediating effect of digital proximity on innovation resilience. Results are as follows. Firstly, digital proximity's empowering effect shows such U-shaped curve which the turning point is 0. 551. Moreover, it remains robustness in a series of robust tests. Secondly, digital proximity's empowering effect indicates significant heterogeneity. Concerning regional heterogeneity, these effects are U-shaped curve for both eastern and central enterprises while it shows weak and not significant. Meanwhile, for state-owned and non-state-owned enterprises, they both show U-shaped curves and the turning point of state-owned enterprises is slightly more than that of non-state-owned enterprises. The turning point for large-scale enterprises is lower than that of small and medium-sized ones. For higher financing-constraint enterprises, it is lower than that of lower financing-constraint ones. The moderating effect of corporate internal control quality is non-negligible. Thirdly, among the four mediating effects of dynamic capacity, two of them ( OPEN and MAR) are positive mediating effects while the other twos (TFP_OP and Spill) indicate negative effects. Therefore, emphasis should be placed on the optimization of digital proximity mechanism in the digitalization process of industrial enterprises and the positive empowering pathways of digital proximity to enhance innovation resilience through dynamic capabilities, which provides new driving forces for stimulating the technological innovation resilience capacity of China's industrial enterprises.