生成式AI创新与文化企业数字化效率提升： 基于我国上市公司的经验证据

Generative AI Innovation and the Digital Efficiency of Cultural Enterprises: Empirical Evidence from Chinese Listed Firms

摘要:

随着生成式AI技术加速演进和国家文化数字化战略持续深化，如何有效释放技术红利、推动文化产业数字化转型，成为协同推进文化软实力建设与数字经济高质量发展的关键命题。为此，本文以文化企业上市公司为研究对象，围绕生成式AI创新与文化企业数字化效率之间的关系展开研究，并基于国家知识产权局、CSMAR、WIND等数据库构造2015-2023年中国A股158家文化企业的面板数据，分别测度生成式AI创新与文化企业数字化效率指标，实证检验二者之间的影响效应与作用机制。研究发现，生成式AI创新能够显著提升文化企业数字化效率，这一结论经稳健性检验后仍然成立；机制检验表明，数据要素利用与企业产品竞争力在上述影响中发挥了重要的中介作用；异质性分析表明，上述促进作用在处于成熟期、衰退期、数据资产丰富及位于高数字创新渗透区的企业中有正向的影响。研究结论丰富了生成式AI经济效应的考察，为推动文化产业数字化转型与技术政策优化提供了理论依据与政策支持。

Abstract:

The evolution of Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) is observed globally, and the digital transformation of the cultural industry is prioritized for high-quality digital economy development. In this study, listed cultural enterprises were selected as the research object, and the relationship between GenAI innovation and digital efficiency was explored. Panel data from 158 Chinese A-share cultural enterprises between 2015 and 2023 were constructed using databases from the China National Intellectual Property Administration, CSMAR, and WIND. Indicators for GenAI innovation and digital efficiency were measured, and the impact effects were empirically tested. It is found that GenAI innovation significantly improves the digital efficiency of cultural enterprises, and this conclusion is proved to be robust. The utilization of data factors and product competitiveness are identified as important mediators. Furthermore, heterogeneity analysis demonstrates that this promotional effect is more pronounced among enterprises in the mature or declining stages of their life cycle, those with abundant data assets, and those situated in high-tech industrial clusters. Theoretical foundations are provided for digital transformation, and policy support is offered for technological regulations.