算力基础设施对共同富裕的影响研究

Research on the Impact of Computing Infrastructure on Common Prosperity

摘要:

算力基础设施能够为全体人民共享数字时代繁荣成果筑牢根基,是扎实推动共同富裕的关键支撑。基于中国2012—2024年254个地级及以上城市面板数据为研究对象,通过构建算力基础设施与共同富裕评价指标体系并采用熵权法衡量,细致剖析算力基础设施建设对共同富裕的影响效应及作用渠道。研究发现,算力基础设施建设对共同富裕具有显著正向推动作用。中介效应检验结果表明,算力基础设施建设可通过推动产业结构升级、就业结构优化与消费扩容提质三条路径,显著促进共同富裕。异质性检验结果显示,算力基础设施建设对共同富裕的赋能效应存在“高行政等级城市﹥普通城市”“知识产权保护较高城市﹥知识产权保护较低城市”的特征,且算力基础设施建设的影响效应存在“共富性﹥共享性﹥可持续性”的特点。门槛检验结果证明,算力基础设施建设对共同富裕的影响存在人才数字素养的双重门槛效应和数据要素市场化配置的单一门槛效应。基于上述结论,提出加速建立算力服务普惠化机制、着力畅通数字基础设施的赋能路径的建议,以期为推动共同富裕取得实质性进展提供有益借鉴。

Abstract:

A solid foundation for all people to share the developmental achievements of the digital era is established by computing infrastructure, which serves as a critical support for the solid advancement of common prosperity. Panel data of 254 prefecture-level and above cities in China from 2012 to 2024 were adopted for research. Evaluation index systems for computing infrastructure and common prosperity were constructed, and the entropy weight method is applied for quantitative measurement. The impact effect and mechanism of computing infrastructure construction on common prosperity were systematically analyzed. Empirical results demonstrate that common prosperity is significantly and positively promoted by the construction of computing infrastructure. Mediating effect tests verify that computing infrastructure construction facilitates common prosperity through three effective channels, including industrial structure upgrading, employment structure optimization, and consumption expansion and quality improvement. Heterogeneity tests confirm that the empowering effect of computing infrastructure construction on common prosperity presents obvious urban differentiation characteristics. The effect is stronger in cities with high administrative levels than in ordinary cities and stronger in cities with high-level intellectual property protection than in cities with low-level intellectual property protection. The influence of computing infrastructure construction on common prosperity also shows a hierarchical characteristic of the common prosperity dimension > sharing dimension > sustainability dimension. Threshold effect tests indicate that the promotion effect of computing infrastructure construction on common prosperity is constrained by a double threshold of talent digital literacy and a single threshold of market-oriented allocation of data elements. Targeted suggestions are proposed to accelerate the construction of an inclusive mechanism for computing power services and smooth the empowerment path of digital infrastructure. Relevant research conclusions provide effective references for promoting substantive progress in common prosperity.