农业数字技术流动对农业区域协调发展的影响研究

Study on the Impact of Agricultural Digital Technology Flow on Coordinated Regional Development of Agriculture

摘要:

在数字经济与乡村振兴战略深度赋能的背景下,农业数字技术正在成为协同推进农业现代化与区域协调发展的核心动能。 将农业数字技术流动置于农业区域协调发展视角下,以 2001—2023 年的农业数字技术专利为研究对象,系统考察农业数字技术流动对农业区域协调发展的影响。 研究发现,农业数字技术的跨区域流动呈现非均衡特征,形成了以少数发达城市为核心枢纽,大量中小城市位于技术扩散与接收边缘的“中心-边缘”网络格局。 定向农业数字技术流动能够有效缩小区域间差距,逆向流动引发的“虹吸效应”不利于缩小区域差距。 需求适配性的中介效应大于技术适配的中介效应。 从区域异质性来看,东部地区间的技术流动的协调作用有限,中西部地区间的农业数字技术流动协调效应最强,东部向中西部的定向流动效果最优。 在农业发展梯度差距较小、农业数字产业基础相对完善及初始化水平相近的地区,定向的农业数字技术流动具有显著的促进作用。 研究结论为引导农业数字技术有序流动、促进区域农业均衡发展提供了参考。

Abstract:

Digital technology serves as a new driving force for agricultural modernization and regional coordinated development. Against the backdrop of the deep integration of the digital economy and rural revitalization, this paper places "agricultural digital technology flows" within the theoretical framework of regional coordinated development. By quantifying patent data in the agricultural sector, it systematically examines the mechanism through which agricultural digital technology flows influence regional coordinated development. The study finds that cross-regional flows of agricultural digital technology exhibit significant asymmetrical characteristics. Directional flows have a notable enhancing effect, while reverse flows may reinforce the "siphon effect." In less developed regions with a stronger foundation in agricultural digital industries and greater technological absorption capacity, the inflow of external digital technology can produce more pronounced coordinated development outcomes. Digital technology flows primarily alleviate disparities in factor endowments by enhancing "demand compatibility," effectively compensating for inherent deficiencies in traditional financial capital, specialized human capital, and digital infrastructure. From a spatial perspective, technology flows directed from developed eastern regions to less developed central and western regions demonstrate the most prominent effect in promoting coordinated development, while regional synergy exhibits a certain "synergistic resonance" effect.