城市数实融合能否促进减污降碳协同发展：理论机制和实证检验

Can Urban Digital-real Integration Promote the Synergistic Development of Pollution and Carbon Reduction: Theoretical Mechanisms and Empirical Test

摘要:

在环境污染日益加剧和实现“碳达峰、碳中和”目标的尖锐矛盾下，数字经济和实体经济的融合能否成为减污降碳协同发展的新引擎，是当前亟待探究的重要议题。本文基于2011年—2023年中国265个地级及以上城市的面板数据，通过构建双向固定效应回归模型，实证检验了数实融合对减污降碳协同发展的影响效应及作用机制。研究结果表明：数实融合显著促进减污降碳协同发展，在缓解内生性问题和进行稳健性检验后结论仍显著成立。异质性分析显示，数实融合对协同减污降碳的影响效果在东部地区、非资源型城市和环境规制力度较弱的地区更明显。影响机制检验部分，从地区产业层面的结构变化和公众外部监督的角度进行分析，深入探究了数实融合影响协同减污降碳的具体作用渠道，发现数实融合通过促进产业结构升级和提升公众环境关注程度，改善减污降碳协同治理水平。本文的研究结论不仅为实现“碳达峰、碳中和”目标提供实践路径，同时也对强化数实融合的环境治理效应具有一定的指导意义。

Abstract:

Facing the contradiction between increasing environmental pollution and China’s “carbon peaking and carbon neutrality” targets， whether digital-real integration （DRI） can become new engine for synergistic reduction of pollution and carbon emissions （SRPC） is an important issue need to be explored urgently. Based on panel data from 265 Chinese cities at or above prefecture level from 2011 to 2023， this study constructed the Two-Way fixed effects model to analyze the influence and mechanisms of DRI on SRPC. The results show that DRI significantly promotes SRPC， and the conclusion remains significantly valid after addressing potential endogeneity issues and conducting robustness tests. Heterogeneity analysis indicates that positive effects of DRI on SRPC are more pronounced in the eastern regions， non-resource-based cities， as well as areas with weak environmental regulation. In the part of mechanism tests, this study deeply explores the specific channels through which DRI affects SRPC from the perspectives of structural changes at the regional industrial level and public external supervision, and finds that DRI improves SRPC by upgrading industrial structure and enhancing public environmental attention. The research conclusions not only provide practical path to achieve “carbon peaking and carbon neutrality” goals， but also have guiding significance for deepening the environmental governance effects of digital-real integration.