中美科技人才创新创业生态对比分析——以“杭州模式”与“硅谷模式”为例

Comparative Analysis of Innovation and Entrepreneurship Ecosystem of Science and Technology Talents in China and the United States:Taking the "Hangzhou Model" and the "Silicon Valley Model" as Examples

摘要:

科技创新是重塑国际竞争格局、推动经济社会高质量发展的核心引擎。创新驱动实质是人才驱动，构建区域人才创新创业生态系统是我国地方提升人才创新竞争力的核心抓手。本研究首先对国内外相关研究及概念进行回顾与分析，并基于前期研究成果设计了研究框架，确立了研究案例及数据来源，构建了区域科技人才创新创业生态系统模型。本研究以中美两国人工智能领域为切入口，聚焦杭州和硅谷的科技人才创新创业生态系统，从生态要素特征、要素协同网络、生态整体效能的角度来进行案例的对比分析，在此基础上解析“杭州模式”“硅谷模式”的创新范式，剖析两种模式发展的共性经验、核心差异和差异根源，为我国地方构建区域科技人才创新创业生态系统提供经验借鉴，助力实现高水平科技自立自强。

Abstract:

Technological innovation serves as the core engine for reshaping the international competitive landscape and driving high-quality economic and social development. At its essence, innovation-driven growth is talent-driven, making the establishment of regional ecosystems for talent innovation and entrepreneurship a pivotal strategy for local governments to enhance their innovative competitiveness. This study first reviews and analyzes relevant domestic and international research and concepts, then develops a research framework based on prior findings, identifies case studies and data sources, and constructs a model for regional science and technology talent innovation ecosystems. Focusing on artificial intelligence in China and the United States—with particular attention to Hangzhou and Silicon Valley''s ecosystems—the study conducts comparative analyses across ecological element characteristics, factor synergy networks, and overall ecosystem performance. It further deciphers the innovative paradigms of the "Hangzhou Model" and "Silicon Valley Model," examining their shared strengths, core differences, and underlying causes. These insights provide actionable recommendations for building regional sci-tech talent innovation ecosystems in China, supporting the achievement of advanced technological self-reliance and strength.